Efektivitas Penggunaan Antibiotik Profilaksis sebagai Pencegahan Infeksi Daerah Operasi pada Operasi Sesar : A Scoping Review

Background: Caesarean section is still a type of surgical procedure most general work done throughout the world, including in the State of Indonesia with a trend of the percentage between 30-80%. Sectio caesarean delivery is often associated with wound complications such as wound infection, hematoma / seroma, wound dehiscence, and endometritis with an increased risk of five to ten times, especially complications related to infection. Post-caesarean section wound complications occur in 2-16% of women and are a significant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Purpose: This systematic literature review aims to analyze the effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics in preventing infection of the surgical site in patients undergoing cesarean section. Methods: The literature search was carried out by involving three online databases, namely PubMed, ProQuest, and Scopus which were published between 2016 - 2020 with the main keyword used is prophylaxis antibiotic; surgical site infection; and sectio caesarea. Results: There were 11 articles selected from the literature search process. Based on the results of the review of the article, the entire literature found states that the use of prophylactic antibiotics is effective in preventing the incidence of infection in the surgical area after cesarean section. Its effectiveness is increased by giving combination antibiotics compared to administration of single antibiotics. Most of the prophylactic antibiotics used in selected studies were cephalosporin antibiotics. Conclusion: Based on a systematic review of the literature that has been carried out, it can be concluded that prophylactic antibiotics before the procedure caesarean section can reduce the incidence of postoperative infection.