PENGARUH BISFOSFONAT RISEDRONAT DALAM BENTUK SEDIAAN EMULGEL TERHADAP JUMLAH SEL OSTEOKLAS

Background: The most common problem in orthodontic dental treatment is relapse. which is the tendency of a tooth to return to its original position. Relapse is unpredictable and occurs rapidly after the tooth is released from orthodontic forces. Relapse can be prevented by the use of retention protocols, one of pharmacological agents such as bisphosphonate risedronate. Bisphosphonates are drugs that work to suppress osteoclast activity so that it can reduce bone resorption in the prevention of relapse. Administration of bisphosphonates in a gel emulsion dosage form provides a local effect and easy to use. Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of bisphosphonate risedronate gel emulsion on osteoclasts number. Methods: 27 male Guinea pig ±8-12 weeks ±0.5-0.6 kg were divided into three groups, group I (without treatment), II (gel emulsion without bisphosphonate), and III (gel emulsion with bisphosphonate). Use of orthodontic appliances on Guinea pig lower incisors for 14 days with 7 days of tooth movement and 7 days of stabilization. Gel emulsion application started from the stabilization period until the day of decapitation, namely days 0, 3, and 7. Observation of the osteoclasts number with Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. Results: Bisphosphonate risedronate gel emulsion treatment group experienced a significant decrease the osteoclasts number compared to other groups. One Way ANOVA test on day 0 were not significant, p=0,355 (p>0,05), while significant on day 3 and 7 (p<0,05). LSD test showed a significant reduction in the osteoclasts number in the treatment group compared to other groups on day 3 and 7 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Risedronate bisphosphonate gel emulsion is effective in reducing osteoclasts number in the treatment group compared to the group without drug administration.