PENGARUH PEMAKAIAN SPACE MAINTAINER LEPASAN SEBAGAI ALAT PREVENTIVE ORTHODONTIA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN RAHANG BAWAH PADA USIA ANAK

Background : Primary teeth are an important part of a child's growth process. The condition of premature loss of deciduous teeth can result in disruption of the eruption of permanent teeth caused by a narrowed eruption space. It is necessary to do an action in the form of the use of tools to prevent the narrowing of the space from happening. The space maintainer is used to maintain the eruption space and avoid shifting the adjacent teeth. However, one type of space maintainer, space maintainer removable, has a tendency to inhibit jaw growth. A modification of the space maintainer appeared by adding a tube to the plate which has properties so that the space maintainer can follow the growth of the child's jaw. Objective : To determine the effect of the use of a space maintainer on the growth of the lower jaw at the age of children based on inter-canine, inter-molar, and intertube calculations at the Dental and Oral Hospital, University of Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. Methods : This research is an analytic observational research, cross-sectional approach. Used 96 data samples from the application of the Lemeshow formula, with consecutive sampling technique. The research data used secondary data in the form of coass student space maintainer maintenance reports sourced from medical records of Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. The data used in the study included calculations between canines, between molars, between tubes before and before treatment. Data processing was carried out with SPSS using the Wilcoxon test. Result : The results showed that the average before and after the treatment of the removable space maintainer, on the inter-canine was 26.5 mm and 27.2 mm; intermolars of 39.85 mm and 40.6 mm; inter-tubes of 1.02 mm and 1.39 mm. From these data, the average range value is 0.7 mm in inter-canine; 0.8 mm inter-molar; and 0.4 mm on the inter-tube. Wilcoxon test results showed significance for intercanine, inter-molar, and inter-tube viable p<0.05. So that the hypothesis in this study is accepted. Conclution : There is an effect of using a space maintainer as an orthodontic prevention tool on lower growth at the age of children, which is characterized by an increase in size from the calculation of inter-canine, inter-molar, and inter-tube widths.