TOKYO DISNEYLAND SEBAGAI BENTUK PERLAWANAN BUDAYA JEPANG TERHADAP HEGEMONI BUDAYA AMERIKA SERIKAT

The emergence of Tokyo Disneyland, which is considered as United States’ imported product, is aimed to enhance cultural hegemony towards Japan in the first place. However, along with its development, Tokyo Disneyland transformed into Japanese mean to counter hegemony of the United States, rather than strengthen US hegemony. This research aimed to understand the utilization of Tokyo Disneyland for Japan to oppose United States’ cultural hegemony. Using Joseph S. Nye’s soft power and Antonio Gramsci’s hegemony, this research shows that Japan has modified Tokyo Disneyland to gain new power resource to conduct cultural and gastrodiplomacy. Thus, Japan is able to oppose the United States’ cultural hegemony. Furthermore, this research finds Tokyo Disneyland is not only a source of Japanese soft power, but also a mean to restore awful image of Japan after World War II.