EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH NAGA MERAH (HYLOCEREUS COSTARICENSIS) TERHADAP KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE IN VITRO

Background : Klebsiella pneumoniae is one of the gram-negative bacteria that can cause pneumonia. The number of antibiotics that are resistant to the treatment of pneumonia makes researchers take the initiative to look for antibacterial substances with plant-based ingredients. Red dragon fruit skin (Hylocereus costaricensis) has antibacterial substances, namely flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and saponins that can inhibit bacterial growth. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of red dragon fruit peel extract (Hylocereus costaricensis) against the bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 33495. Purpose : To determine the antibacterial effectiveness of red dragon fruit peel extract (Hylocereus costaricensis) against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 33495 bacteria. Methods : This type of research is an experimental laboratory in vitro. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was performed using the liquid dilution method on Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) media. Red dragon fruit peel extract (Hylocereus costaricensis) was diluted with concentrations of 80%, 40%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 2.5%, 1.25%. The MIC was determined from the last clear tube color concentration value. Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was determined by the absence of bacterial growth in Triton Soya Agar (TSA) media at the lowest concentration. The effectiveness was also compared with the antibiotic levofloxacin. The test bacteria used was Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 33495. Results : The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of red dragon fruit peel extract (Hylocereus costaricensis) against Klebsiella pneumoniae is 2.5%. The Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of red dragon fruit peel extract (Hylocereus costaricensis) against Klebsiella pneumoniae is 5%. Conclusion : Red dragon fruit peel extract (Hylocereus costaricensis) is effective at inhibiting the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 33495 bacteria