PERUBAHAN KADAR VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR (VEGF) KULTUR SEL KANKER KOLON SETELAH DIINDUKSI EKSTRAK ETANOL KULIT JERUK MANDARIN (CITRUS RETICULATA)

Background: In 2020, colon cancer is ranked as the third most common cancer cause in the world. The ability of cancer cells for metastasis to another organ leads to high mortality due to colon cancer. Angiogenesis is the most important factor in the growth of cancer cells, there is a major pro angiogenic factor, namely vascular endothelial growth factor. Currently the choice of colon cancer therapy is chemotherapy, but there are various side effects of chemotherapy, researchers developed colon cancer therapy with Mandarin orange fruit (Citrus reticulata). Citrus reticulata contains nobiletin and tangeretin compounds that can inhibit the development of cancer cells. The purpose of this study was to find out the potential effectiveness of Mandarin orange peel ethanol extract (EEKJM) as an effort to improve the reduction of VEGF levels in WiDr colon cancer in vitro. Methods: The method of this research is laboratoric quantitative with post-test only control grup design. The research begins with manufacture of Mandarin orange peel ethanol extract (EEKJM) and then cytotoxic extract test using MTT assay method to find out the viability of WiDr colon cancer cells and measurement of VEGF levels using elisa kit which aims to determine VEGF levels in WiDr colon cancer cells and then One Way Anova analysis was performed to determine the difference in VEGF concentrations. Results: In the cytotoxic test of the EEKJM and doxorubicin against WiDr colon cancer cells, the IC50 value was 240 g/ml and 1.59 µg/ml. Meanwhile, in measuring VEGF levels using the ELISA kit, there was a decrease in VEGF levels in WiDr colon cancer cells after the EEKJM and doxorubicin were induced with dose ½ IC50 and ¼ IC50. There were differences in VEGF concentrations in the five groups (P=0.000). Conclusion: EEKJM has an effect on reducing VEGF levels of WiDr colon cancer cells so it can be used for therapy.