MENILAI KEPARAHAN MALOKLUSI DAN KEBUTUHAN PERAWATAN ORTODONTIK BERDASARKAN INDEX OF ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT NEED (IOTN)

Malocclusion is a condition that deviates from normal occlusion or an undisturbed craniofacial relationship due to abnormalities in the morphology of the teeth and in the mandibular and maxillary bones. The etiology of malocclusion according to Moyers is divided into 3, namely congenital factors, acquired factors and combinations. Malocclusion that does not affect the individual physically or psychologically, because it affects the appearance, impaired speech and chewing functions, increases the risk of dental caries, temporomandibular disorders and traumatic dental injury. Angel classified malocclusion based on the occlusion relationship of the first molars. Occlusion was said to be ideal when the mesiobuccal protrusion of the maxillary first permanent molar occluded with the buccal groove of the mandibular first permanent molar. There are three classifications of malocclusion according to Angle, namely class I, class II, and class III. Malocclusion can be treated with orthodontics. The aim of orthodontic treatment is to correct malolution and obtain a harmonious arrangement of teeth, so as to achieve a good occlusion function, improve aesthetics of appearance, quality of life and psycho-social aspects. It is necessary to assess the severity of the malocclusion and the need for orthodontic treatment using an index. The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) is one of the most commonly used occlusal indexes to assess malocclusion severity and need for orthodontic treatment, designed by Brook and Shaw. IOTN assessment is based on objective and subjective criteria. The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) has two components, namely aesthetic component (AC) and dental health component (DHC).