FORMULASI DAN UJI HISTOPATOLOGI DARI SEDIAAN PASTA KOMBINASI GETAH JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.) dan EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH MERAH (Piper crocatum) SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF DEVITALISASI PULPA

Pulpitis or inflammation of the pulp which causes inflammation and pain in the teeth which can be triggered by dental caries. Commonly used devitalizing agents such as formaldehyde have side effects such as gingival injury, periapical infection etc. The aim of this research is to develop natural ingredients as an alternative to pulp devitalization materials from jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) and red betel leaf extract (Piper crocatum) through a paste formulation as an alternative to pulp devitalization. This research is an experimental laboratory. Red betel leaf extract (Piper crocatum) was obtained from the maceration process using 70% ethanol (1: 3). Jatropha sap (Jatropha curcas L.) is obtained fresh. Phytochemical screening and thin layer chromatography (TLC) were carried out to identify tannins and saponins in jatropha sap (Jatropha curcas L.) and flavonoids in red betel leaf extract (Piper crocatum). Making a paste from jatropha sap (Jatropha curcas L.) and red betel leaf extract (Piper crocatum) using the trituration method to be applied to test animals. The test animals were female white rats Wistar strain aged 2-3 months with body weight (BW) 150 - 200 grams with a total of 15 rats divided into 5 treatment groups, namely normal control group, positive control, negative control, formula 1 treatment group and the treatment group formula 2. The test animals were anesthetized using a combination of ketamine and xylazine with a ratio of 50 mg/kgBW and 10 mg/kgBW i.m. The upper molar teeth were prepared using a micromotor with a diamond round bur Number 010 at high speed in the occlusal section until the perforation and put the preparation according to the group, then the teeth are temporarily filled. After 7 days, the rats' teeth were extracted and immersed in formalin and decalcified. The sample was blockaded with paraffin and cut with a microtome at a thickness of 5 μm for HE staining and histopathological readings under a light microscope with a magnification of 1000 times to count macrophage cells. The results showed the value of phytochemical screening tests and TLC tests on jatropha sap (Jatropha curcas L.) and red betel leaf extract (Piper crocatum), as well as histopathological tests on rat tooth pulp. In the phytochemical screening test and TLC test, it was found that the jatropha sap (Jatropha curcas L.) contains saponins and tannins, while the red betel leaf extract (Piper crocatum) contains flavonoids. In the histopathological test, the average observation result (X̅) of the number of macrophages in formula 1 was 5.1 and formula 2 was 8.0. The conclusion of this study, giving formula 1 paste is more effective than formula 2 application seen from the cell death process with the parameter of the number of macrophages in rat tooth pulp induced by dental caries in vivo. Keywords: pulp devitalization, jatropha sap, red betel l