UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI MINYAK ATSIRI NILAM TERHADAP BAKTERI SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM

Patchouli has become an export commodity for Indonesian farmers with good prospects in the world market. In Indonesia, patchouli oil has often been used as a traditional medicine for several diseases such as for wounds, diarrhea, headaches, and so on. Salmonella typhimurium bacteria are the cause of gastroenteritis. This study aims to determine the content of the compounds in patchouli essential oil and to test the antibacterial activity of patchouli essential oil against Salmonella typhimurium bacteria. Patchouli essential oil contains Patchouli Alcohol which is the main component of patchouli essential oil. Salmonella typhimurium bacteria are gram-negative bacteria, in the form of short straight rods with a length of 1-1.5 micrometers, and move using peritrichous flagella. This study used GC-MS (Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry) to analyze the content of compounds in patchouli essential oil and used the well diffusion method with concentrations of 75%, 50% and 25% to test the antibacterial activity of patchouli essential oil against Salmonella typhimurium bacteria. The data obtained were then analyzed by SPSS. There were 25 compounds in patchouli essential oil with 5 dominant ingredients, namely Patchouli alcohol (26.51%), δ-Guaiene (20.85%), α-Guaiene (15.08%), Seychellene (9.54%) and α-Patchoulene (7.24%) ). The antibacterial activity test with a concentration of 75%, 50% and 25% was replicated three times to obtain an average diameter of the inhibition zone, respectively 4.55 mm, 3.66 mm, 3.11 mm. Based on the data obtained, it is concluded that patchouli essential oil can inhibit the growth of Salmonella typhimurium bacteria, but it is still in the weak antibacterial category.