EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK JINTEN(Nigella sativa) SEBAGAI ANTIMALARIA Studi Percobaan Mencit (Mus musculus) yang Diinfeksi oleh Plasmodium berghei

Malaria is still being a major problem in developing country such Indonesia. Due to increasing case of Plasmodium resistance to medical treatment, Nigella sativa suggested to be an alternative drug. This research has a single objective to study the effectivity of Nigella sativa in reducing parasitemia. It is an experimental study using pre-post test control group design. The subjects are 25 mice Swiss strain devided into 5 groups: 3 treatment groups (P1, with extract Nigella sativa dossage 3,12mg/20gr BB/day; P2, with extract Nigella sativa dossage 6,24mg/20gr BB/day; and P3, with extract Nigella sativa dossage 9,36mg/20gr BB/day), a positive control group with klorokuin K(+), and a negative control group with no treatment K(-). The research begins with inducing mice with Plasmodium berghei by intraperitonial injection. Nigella sativa extract given orally everyday, once per day. In day 5th, parasitemia examination was conducted by counting the infected erythrocytes by Plasmodium per 1000 erythrocytes. The averange amount each group after treatment: P1=231,6±171,59; P2-269,4±159,97; P3-158,8±146,78; K(+)=0+0; and K(-) =75,8 44,2. The number of infected erythrocytes has increased in all groups of treatment, higher than both negative control group and positive one. Anova analysis shows significant differences between P1 and K(+) (p=0.008), and between P2 and K(+) (p=0.003). Meanwhile, there are significant similarities between P1 and K(-) (p=0.063), and between P3 and K(-) (p=0.308). In otherside, P2 has significant difference with K(-) (p-0.024). The number of erythrocytes infected by Plasmodium tends to be lower in P3 than both in P1 and P2. The output of this research shows that Nigella sativa ineffective to reduce parasitemia in mice infected by Plasmodium berghei.