GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI USUS HALUS PADA TIKUS MODEL YANG DIINDUKSI VARIAN DOSIS CABAI RAWIT (CAPSICUM FRUTESCENS L)

Background: Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutencens L) is a plant that is widely consumed by Indonesians and even the world. Cayenne pepper has the potential as an antioxidant. Cayenne pepper contains various components such as capsaicin, carotene, flavonoids, vitamin E, and vitamin C. On the other hand, cayenne pepper contains capsaicin which can regulate macrophage cells to produce cytokines, namely TNF alpha and IL 1 which can cause inflammation. Objective: To determine the histopathological features of the small intestine in rats induced by cayenne pepper at a dose of 45 mg, 90 mg, 135 mg, 180 mg. Methods: This study was conducted using a true experimental design with a post test only design with control group design. The population of this study was 20 male white rats with an average weight of 200-250 grams, aged 3-4 months, healthy and active, which were divided into 5 groups with 1 control group and 4 treatment groups A, B, C, D. each was given a dose of 45 mg of cayenne pepper, 90 mg, 135 mg, and 180 mg for 6 days. Results: There was a significant difference in the degree of bleeding between the control group and C group (p = 0.009) (p <0.05), the control group with group D (p = 0.019) (p <0.05), group B and group C (p = 0.016) (p <0.05), and group B with group D (p = 0.035) (p <0.05). There is a picture of epithelial erosion in the control and treatment groups. Conclusion: There is a change in the histopathological picture of the small intestine mucosa of white rats in the form of bleeding and epithelial erosion induced by cayenne pepper. Group C induced cayenne pepper 135 mg / day had the heaviest bleeding picture compared to other groups. There was no significant difference in the picture of epithelial erosion between groups.