UJI AKTIVITAS IMUNOMODULATOR EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN TIN (Ficus carica L.) SECARA IN VITRO

Tin leaf (Ficus carica L.) is a plant that grows in Indonesia and is widely
used as a traditional medicine to increase stamina, by boiling it or eating it directly.
This study was conducted to determine the potential of tin leaf extract as an
immunomodulatory agent by knowing the phagocytosis activity of macrophages
and lymphocyte proliferation in vitro and knowing the total flavonoid levels in the
extract.
This research begins with extraction with 70% ethanol. The sample was
tested qualitatively by the TLC method. Furthermore, the total flavonoid content
was determined using the colorimetric method. After that, the samples were tested
for immunomodulatory activity in vitro which was measured by the activity of
macrophage phagocytosis and lymphocyte proliferation. In the phagocytosis
activity test, macrophage cells were given samples with various concentrations and
latex. Then count the number of active macrophages and the amount of latex eaten.
Meanwhile, for the lymphocyte proliferation activity test, lymphocyte cells were
treated, namely given samples with different concentrations and induced with the
hepatitis B vaccine. Then the lymphocytes were read for their absorption with the
550 nm ELISA Reader.
The results showed that the sample contained flavonoids by TLC. The total
flavonoid levels obtained were 2.01 ± 0.1mg EK / gr sample. The results of the
immunomodulatory activity test showed that the samples significantly increased the
phagocytic activity of macrophages compared to control cells. The lymphocyte
proliferation test shows an IS value <2 which shows no effect on lymphocyte
proliferation. This study shows that the ethanol extract of 70% tin leaves has the
ability to increase the phagocytosis activity of macrophage cells, but does not affect
lymphocyte cell proliferation in vitro.