Keanekaragaman Musuh Alami Pada Tumpangsari Kedelai Dan Jagung

Soybean pest attacks can cause yield losses of up to 80% and can even cause crop
failure. Pest control using natural enemies requires high biodiversity, one of which
is intercropping. This study aims to determine the effect of various proportions of
soybean and corn plant populations on the diversity and abundance of natural
enemies. The research was conducted on agricultural land in Kapanewon
Gamping, Sleman Regency, starting from September 2020 to January 2021. This
research was conducted using a single factor experimental method arranged in a
single plot field design. The treatment tested was the proportion of the population
of soybean and corn which consisted of 4 proportions, namely 2:1, 3:1. 4:1 and
5:1. In addition, monoculture soybeans and monoculture corn were also planted
for comparison. Observations and sampling of natural enemies were carried out
using sweeping nets, yellow pan traps, and pitfall traps at soybean ages 2, 3, 4, 6,
8, 10, and 12 (weeks after planting). The results showed that the proportion of
soybean and corn populations affected the number of individuals and the number
of natural enemy morphospecies. Soybean and corn intercropping with a
proportion of 5:1 resulted in a higher diversity index (H'=3.6082) and abundance
index (D=0.9616127) compared to other population proportions.