PENGARUH SISTEM PERTANIAN PADI SAWAH DI KULON PROGO TERHADAP DIVERSITAS DAN DENSITAS HAMA

Agricultural ecosystems have different landscape structure. The
complexity of landscape structure can affect the diversity and density of pests.
This research was conducted to determine the influence of complex
Agroecosystems landscape (surjan paddy fields) and simple agroecosystems
landscape (conventional paddy fields) on diversity and density of pests in rice
plants. The research was conducted using survey method on three locations of
simple agroecosystem (conventional paddy fields) and three locations of complex
agroecosystems (surjan paddy fields) in Panjatan District, Kulon Progo Regency,
Yogyakarta. Insect sample was collected using sweeping net traps, yellow sticky
trap, pitfall trap, and yellow pan trap. Moreover, soil and plant were sampled as
well to determine the interactions between soil nutrient content, plants, and
density of pests in rice. The results showed that soil and plant nutrients affect the
density of pests. The diversity of pests in the surjan was no different from the
diversities of pests in conventional. However, the density of pests in conventional
was higher than those in surjan paddy field. Although the diversity of pests in both
agroecosystems was no different, the structure and composition of pest in both
agroecosystems was significantly different. The most dominant pest were
Chlorops sp. (Diptera: Chloropidae).