IMPLEMENTASI KONVENSI JENEWA 1949 TERHADAP PERLINDUNGAN PENDUDUK SIPIL DALAM KONFLIK BERSENJATA DI REPUBLIK SUDAN SELATAN TAHUN 2013-2018

Massive violations of dignity and human life massively occur during the armed
conflict. So armed conflict is considered as a destructive event between the
combatants, and oftenly uses non-combatants, especially civilians, as targets for
strategic politics purposes in their conflict. Under humanitarian law perspective, the
civilian population is one of the subjects whose existence must be respected under
any circumtances, including in a state of war, they have the right to be protected
and treated humanely without discrimination. This research aims to know how to
apply the Geneva Conventions of 1949 in it's role as a protector for the parties to
the war who are directly or indirectly involved. This research uses the juridicalnormative writing method with Case and Historical Approach, the author analyzes
a case of non-international armed conflict in the Republic of South Sudan, then
correlate it with the basic of humanitarian law. Research results in the studied case
indicate that there are serious violations againts humanity and contradictory with
some provisions in the Geneva Convention IV of 1949 and the Additional Protocol
II of 1977. In its implementation, enforcement of this law can't work in accordance
with one of the aims of the convention which is protect the civilian population in
war, and uncapable to reduce the number of civilian casualities in the dispute. The
author concludes that a decisive action is needed to erode the culture of impunity
from those parties who should be responsible for that South Sudan armed conflict.