PENGARUH DENSITAS DAN VISKOSITAS TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK INJEKSI CAMPURAN BIODESEL NYAMPLUNG-KELAPA DAN NYAMPLUNG-JELANTAH PADA LEVEL B5, B10, B15, B20, B25, B30, B35, DAN B40

In Indonesia, the use of fossil fuels continues to increase from year to
year, this is due to population growth and economic development causing higher
energy needs. Therefore, it is necessary to make efforts to switch to using
renewable energy sources that can be renewed as an alternative to petroleum.
Biofuel is a renewable energy that can be used as an alternative fuel to replace
diesel oil. Vegetable oil raw materials that have the potential to be used as biofuel
in Indonesia include of calophyllum oil, coconut and used cooking oils, these
three oils have drawbacks, namely high viscosity and high density. This research
was conducted with the aim of obtaining the effect of the density and viscosity of
the biofuel mixture on the characteristics of the injection as fuel.
The manufacture of biofuel is done by varying the mixture of of
calophyllum oil-coconut, of calophyllum oil-coconut oil and pure diesel fuel B5-
B40. The process of making biodiesel is carried out by three methods, namely
degumming, esterification and transesterification. The degumming method uses
phosphoric acid as much as 0.2% of the oil volume, the esterification method uses
(22.5% H2SO4 from the oil volume), the tranesterification stage uses 15%
methanol from the oil volume and 1% KOH from the oil volume. After the process
of making biofuel is complete, then the injection characteristics test is carried out.
The results of the density test that meet the criteria of SNI 8220-2017 are a
mixture of of calophyllum oil-coconut variations B10, B15, B20, B25, B30, B35,
and B40 then the of calophyllum oil-coconut mixture are variations B20, B25,
B30, B35, and B40. The physical properties of viscosity according to SNI 7182-
2015 are mixtures of of calophyllum oil-coconut oil with variations of B5, B10,
B15, B20, and B25, and of calophyllum oil-coconut oil with variations of B10,
B15, B20, B25, and B30. For injection characteristics, the angle and length of the
spray are not good when compared to the angle and length of the pure diesel
spray. This is influenced by the density and viscosity values contained in the
sample